<\/span><\/h2>\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \uc9d1\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9ac\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud0dd\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc9d1\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub418\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uacb0\uc815, \ud22c\ud45c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c, \uc790\uc6d0 \ubc30\ubd84 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1. \uac1c\uc778 \uc120\ud638\uc758 \uc9d1\ud569\ud654<\/strong>
\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801\uc778 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \uc9d1\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \ub3c4\ucd9c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\uac00 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uacf5\uc815\ud558\uac8c \uacb0\ud569\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \ub3c4\uc804 \uacfc\uc81c\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
2. \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uc815\ub9ac<\/strong>
\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \uc5c5\uc801 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 ‘\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uc815\ub9ac'(Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uc774 \uc815\ub9ac\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \uacf5\uc815\ud558\uac8c \uc9d1\ud569\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4,<\/p>\n
– \ube44\ub3c5\uc7ac\uc131<\/strong>: \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc9c0\ubc30\ubc1b\uc544\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4.
\n– \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131<\/strong>: \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\uac00 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \ub54c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\ub3c4 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.
\n– \ud30c\ub808\ud1a0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131<\/strong>: \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac1c\uc778\uc774 A\ub97c \uc120\ud638\ud560 \ub54c, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\ub3c4 A\ub97c \uc120\ud638\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.
\n– \uc790\uc720 \uc120\ud0dd<\/strong>: \uac1c\uc778\uc774 \uc120\ud0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub300\uc548\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\ub3c4 \uc774\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
3. \ud22c\ud45c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815<\/strong>
\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ud22c\ud45c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc124\uacc4\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud22c\ud45c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uacfc \uacf5\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ube44\uad50 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uba70, \uac01 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uadf8\ub294 \ub300\uc548\uc774 \ub9ce\uc744\uc218\ub85d \ud22c\ud45c \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uc65c\uace1\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
4. \uc815\ubcf4\uc758 \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc131<\/strong>
\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4 \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc5ec\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ubcf4\uac00 \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ubc30\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uc815\ubcf4\uc758 \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc131\uc740 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce69\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\uc758 \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc131\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc2e4\ud328\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
5. \uc790\uc6d0\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801 \ubc30\ubd84<\/strong>
\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc790\uc6d0\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801 \ubc30\ubd84\uacfc\ub3c4 \ubc00\uc811\ud55c \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\ub294 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uc5ec \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc30\ubd84\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud6c4\uc0dd\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc790\uc6d0\uc758 \ubc30\ubd84\uc774 \uacf5\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uac8c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n6. \uc815\ucc45 \uacb0\uc815\uacfc \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \ubb38\uc81c<\/strong>
\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc815\ucc45 \uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub294 \ub370\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\u00a0\uadf8\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc774 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \uac00\uce58\uc640 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\uba70, \uc815\ucc45 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \uace0\ub824\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uacfc \uc815\uce58\ud559, \uc724\ub9ac\ud559\uc758 \uacbd\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub17c\uc758\ub97c \ucd09\ubc1c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n7. \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\ub840<\/strong>
\n\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uacf5\uacf5 \uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2dc\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\ub610\ud55c, \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uc790\uc6d0 \ubc30\ubd84\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
8. \ube44\ud310\uacfc \ud55c\uacc4<\/strong>
\n\uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ube44\ud310\ub3c4 \uc874\uc7ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubd80 \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uc815\ub9ac\uac00 \ud604\uc2e4\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \ub354 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uac15\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc774 \ud2b9\uc815\ud55c \uc870\uac74 \ud558\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n9. \ud604\ub300\uc801 \uc801\uc6a9<\/strong>
\n\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uacfc\ud559, \uac8c\uc784 \uc774\ub860, \uc815\uce58\ud559 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc751\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \ube45\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc758\uc0ac\uacb0\uc815\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\ub4e4\uc774 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud604\ub300\uc801 \uc801\uc6a9\uc740 \uc560\ub85c\uc6b0\uc758 \uc774\ub860\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n